G. E. M. Anscombe was born in 1919 and studied Classics at St Hugh’s College, Oxford (1936-41). After graduating, Anscombe held a studentship at Newnham College, Cambridge (1942-5), before returning to Oxford for a research fellowship at Somerville College (1946-7). She remained at Sommerville until 1970, when she became Professor of Philosophy at Cambridge. She retired in 1986 and died in 2001. Anscombe was married to fellow-Catholic and philosopher Peter Geach, with whom she had seven children.
Anscombe is best known for her essay ‘Modern Moral Philosophy’ and her monograph Intention, both of which are foundational texts in their respective domains – ‘Modern Moral Philosophy’ for virtue ethics and Intention for philosophy of action. She translated Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations. In 1956 she protested Oxford’s decision to award an honorary degree to Harry S. Truman on the grounds that he was guilty of mass murder.
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Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe (1919-2001)
1919
(18 March) Born to Gertrude Elizabeth Anscombe and Allen Wells Anscombe in Limerick, Ireland
1937
Graduates from Sydenham High School. From there, she goes on to St. Hugh’s College, Oxford where she studies Classics and Philosophy. She graduates in 1941 with first-class honours
1939
Publication: ‘The Justice of the Present War Examined. A criticism based on traditional Catholic principles and on natural reason’ (pamphlet). With Norman Daniel
1941
Married philosopher Peter Geach, with whom she has seven children
1942
Becomes a Research Student at Newnham College, Cambridge
1946
Accepts Research Fellowship at Somerville College, Oxford
1948
Publication: ‘A Reply to Mr. C. S. Lewis’s Argument that Naturalism is Self-Refuting,’ The Socratic Digest, 4
1950
Publication: ‘The Reality of the Past’ in Max Black (ed.), Philosophical Analysis: A Collection of Essays (New York: Cornell University Press).
1953
Publication: ‘Note on the English Version of Wittgenstein’s Philosophiche Untersuchungen,’ Mind, 62(248), 521-522
Publication: ‘Symposium: The Principle of Individuation’ (with Jan Lukasiewicz and Karl Popper). Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volume, 27, pp. 69-120
Publication: Philosophical Investigations, by Ludwig Wittgenstein (edited & translated by GEM Anscombe (Oxford: Blackwell)
1954
Publication: Descartes: Philosophical Writings, translated and edited with Peter Geach (London: Nelson)
Publication: ‘Misinformation: What Wittgenstein Really Said, The Tablet
1956
Publication: Wittgenstein, Remarks on the Foundation of Mathematics,translated and edited with G. H. von Wright and Rush Rhees (Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: ‘Mr Truman’s Degree’ (pamphlet)
Publication: ‘Aristotle and the Sea Battle: De Interpretatione, Chapter IX,’ Mind, 65 (257), pp. 1-15
Publication: ‘Analysis Competition—Tenth “Problem,”’ Analysis, 16(6)
1957
Publication: Intention(Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: ‘Intention,’ Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 57(1), pp. 321-332
Talk: ‘Does Oxford Moral Philosophy Corrupt the Youth?’ The Listener
Publication: ‘Report on Analysis ‘Problem’ No. 10,’ Analysis, 17(3), pp. 49-52
Publication: ‘Names of Words. A Reply to Dr. Whiteley,’ Analysis, 18(1), pp.17-9
1958
Publication: ‘Symposium: Pretending’ (with J. L. Austin), Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volumes, 32, pp. 261-94
Publication: ‘Modern Moral Philosophy,’ Philosophy, 33(124)
Publication: ‘On Brute Facts,’ Analysis, 18(3), pp. 69-72
1959
Publication: An Introduction to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus(London: Hutchinson University Library Press)
Publication: ‘Mr. Copi on Objects, Properties and Relations in the Tractatus,’ Mind, 68(271), p. 404
1961
Publication: Wittgenstein, Notebooks 1914-1916. Translated and edited with G. H. von Wright (Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: Three Philosophers. With Peter Geach (Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: ‘War and Murder’ in Walter Stein (ed.), Nuclear Weapons: A Catholic Response(London)
Publication: Plato: The Sophist & The Statesman. Edited with Raymond Klibansky. (London: Nelson)
1962
Publication: ‘Authority in Morals’ in J. M. Todd (ed), Problems of Authority(London: Darton, Longman & Todd)
Publication: ‘On Sensations of Position,’ Analysis, 22(3), pp. 55-8.
1963
Publication: ‘A critical note of Semantic Analysis, by Paul Ziff’, Mind, 72(286), pp. 288-93
Publication: ‘Two Kinds of Error in Action’, The Journal of Philosophy, 60(14), pp. 393-401
1964
Appointed a teaching Fellowship at Somerville College
Publication: ‘Before and After,’ The Philosophical Review, 73(1), pp. 3-24
Publication: ‘Substance’ (with J. Körner), Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume, 38(1), pp. 69-90.
1965
Publication: ‘Thought and Action in Aristotle. What is Practical Truth?’ in Renford Bambrough (ed), New Essays on Plato and Aristotle(London: Routledge and Kegan Paul)
Publication: ‘The Intentionality of Sensation. A Grammatical Feature’ in R. J. Butler (ed), Analytical Philosophy – Second Series(Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: ‘Contraception and Natural Law,’ New Blackfriars, 46(540), pp. 517-21
Publication: ‘Retractation,’ Analysis, 26(2), pp. 33-6
1966
Publication: ‘A Note on Mr. Bennett,’ Analysis, 26(6), p. 208
Publication: ‘The New Theory of Forms,’ The Monist, 50(3), pp. 403-20
1967
Became a Fellow of the British Academy.
Publication: Wittgenstein, Zettel. Translated and edited with G. H. von Wright (Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: ‘Who is Wronged? Philippa Foot on “Double Effect”: One Point,’ The Oxford Review, 5, pp. 16-7
Publication: ‘On the Grammar of ‘Enjoy’,’ The Journal of Philosophy, 64 (19), pp. 607-14
1968
Publication: ‘You Can have Sex without Children: Christianity and the New Offer’ in L. K. Shook (ed), Renewal of Religious Structures: Proceedings of the Canadian Centenary Theological Congress(Toronto)
1969
Publication: Wittgenstein, On Certainty. Translated with Denis Paul and edited with G. H. von Wright (Oxford: Blackwell).
Publication: ‘On Promising and its Justice, and Whether it Need be Respected in Foro Interno,’ Critica, 3(7/8), pp. 61-83
Publication: ‘Parmenides, Mystery and Contradiction,’ Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 69, pp. 125-32
Publication: ‘Causality and Extensionality,’ The Journal of Philosophy, 66(6), pp. 152-9
1970
Moves to Cambridge University, as Chair of Philosophy. She remains there until her retirement in 1986
1971
Publication: Causality and Determination. An Inaugural Lecture(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
1972
Publication: ‘Contraception and Chastity,’ The Human World
Publication: ‘On the Nature of Justice in a Trial’ (with J. Feldman), Analysis, 33(2), pp. 33-6
1973
Publication: ‘Hume and Julius Caesar,’ Analysis, 34(1), pp. 1-7
1974
Publication: ‘Comment on Professor R. L. Gregory’s Paper’ in S. C. Brown (ed), Philosophy of Psychology(London: Macmillan)
Publication: ‘Memory, “Experience” and Causation’ in H. D. Lewis (ed.), Contemporary British Philosophy: Personal Statements Fourth Series(London: Allen and Unwin).
Publication: ‘Times, Beginnings and Causes,’ Proceedings of the British Academy, 60
Publication: ‘Transubstantiation’ (pamphlet) for the Catholic Truth Society(London)
Publication: ‘Comment’ in Stephan Körner (ed), Practical Reason(Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: ‘“Whatever Has a Beginning of Existence Must Have a Cause”: Hume’s Argument Exposed,’ Analysis, 34(5), pp. 145-51
1975
Publication: ‘The First Person’ in Samuel Guttenplan (ed.), Mind and Language: Wolfson College Lectures 1974(Oxford: Clarendon Press)
Publication: ‘Subjunctive Conditionals,’ Ruch Filozoficzny, 33
1976
Publication: ‘Soft Determinism’ in Gilbert Ryle (ed), Contemporary Aspects of Philosophy(London: Oriel Press)
Publication: ‘The Question of Linguistic Idealism’ in J. Hintikka (ed.), Essays on Wittgenstein in Honour of G.H. von Wright(Acta Philosophica Fennica)
Publication: ‘The Subjectivity of Sensation,’ Ajatus(Yearbook of the Philosophical Society of Finland), 36
Publication: ‘On the Hatred of God,’ Theology, 79, pp. 131-2
Publication: ‘On Frustration of the Majority by Fulfilment of the Majority’s Will,’ Analysis, 36 (4), pp. 161-8
1978
Publication: ‘On the Source of the Authority of the State,’ Ratio, 20 (1), pp.1-28
Publication: ‘Will and Emotion,’ Grazer Philosophische Studien, 5, pp. 139-48
Publication: ‘Rules, Rights, and Promises,’ Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 3(1), pp. 318-23
1979
Elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Publication: ‘Chisholm on Action,’ Grazer Philosophische Studien, 7/8, pp. 205-13
Publication: ‘What is it to Believe Someone’ in C. F. Delaney (ed.), Rationality and Religious Belief (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press)
Publication: ‘On Humanae Vitae’ in J. N. Santamaria and J. J. Billings (eds), Human Love and Human Life. Papers on Humanae Vitae and the Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning from the International Conference, University of Melbourne, 1978 (Melbourne: Polding Press)
Publication: ‘Understanding Proofs: Meno, 85d9-86c2, Continued, Philosophy, 54(208), pp. 149-58
Publication: ‘Under a Description,’ Noûs, 13(2), pp. 219-33
Publication: ‘Prolegomenon to a Pursuit of the Definition of Murder: The Illegal and the Unlawful,’ Dialectics and Humanism, 6(4), pp. 73-77
Publication: Review of J. Teichman, The Meaning of Illegitimacy, The Philosophical Quarterly, 29(117), pp. 375-376
1981
Publication: From Parmenides to Wittgenstein: The Collected Philosophical Papers of G.E.M. Anscombe: Volume One (Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: Metaphysics and the Philosophy of Mind. The Collected Philosophical Papers of G.E.M. Anscombe: Volume Two (Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: Ethics, Religion and Politics. The Collected Philosophical Papers of G.E.M. Anscombe: Volume Three (Oxford: Blackwell)
Publication: ‘A Theory of Language’ in Irving Block (ed.), Perspectives on the Philosophy of Wittgenstein (Massachusetts: MIT Press)
Publication: ‘Commentary 2’ [on ‘Ethical problems in the management of some severely handicapped children,’ by John Harris], Journal of Medical Ethics, 7(3), pp. 122-3
1982
Publication: ‘Medalist’s Address: Action, Intention and “Double Effect”’, Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association, 56, pp. 12-25
Publication: ‘On the Notion of Immaterial Substance’ in M. L. O’Hara (ed.), Substance and Things: Aristotle’s Doctrine of Physical Substance in Recent Essays (Washington, D.C: University Press of America)
Publication: ‘Opening Address’ and ‘On Private Ostensive Definitions’ in W. Leinfellner, E. Kraemer and J. Schank (eds), Language and Ontology: Proceedings of the 6th International Wittgenstein Symposium (Vienna: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky)
Publication: ‘Morality’ in C. Marneau (ed.), Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice, pp.16-18
Publication: Review of Gareth B. Matthews, Philosophy and the Young Child. In Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 43(2), pp. 265-267
1983
Publication: ‘The Causation of Action’ in Carl Ginet and Sydney Shoemaker (eds), Knowledge and Mind: Philosophical Essays (Oxford University Press)
Publication: ‘Sins of Omission? The Non-Treatment of Controls in Clinical Trials’ (with Michael Lockwood), Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volume, 57, pp. 207-227
1984
Publication: ‘Some Reminiscences of Wittgenstein from Littlewood’s Papers per Dame Mary Cartwright,’ The Cambridge Review
1985
Publication: ‘Has Mankind One Soul … An Angel Distributed through Many Bodies?’ (Milwaukee: Marquette University Press).
Publication: ‘Were You a Zygote?’ in A. Phillips Griffiths (ed.), Philosophy and Practice (Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
Publication: ‘Paganism, Superstition and Philosophy,’ The Thoreau Quarterly, 17
Publication: ‘Why Anselm’s Proof in the Proslogion is not an Ontological Argument?’ The Thoreau Quarterly, 17
Publication: Review of Saul Kripke, Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language. In Ethics, 95(2), pp. 342-352
Publication: ‘Aquinas Lecture 1984: Truth: Anselm or Thomas?’New Blackfriars, 66(776), pp. 82-97
1986
Publication: ‘Knowledge and Reverence for Human Life’ in Russell Hittinger (ed), Linking the Human Life Issues (Chicago: Regnery Books)
Publication: ‘Gradualness in a Law, and a Law of Gradualness,’ Anthropos, 2
1987
Publication: ‘Descartes and Anselm’ in Essays on Philosophy and Logic: Proceedings of the XXXth Conference on the History of Logic, Dedicated to Roman Suszko
1988
Publication: ‘The Presidential Address: Existence and Truth, ’Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 88, pp. 1-12
1989
Publication: ‘The Simplicity of the Tractatus,’ Critica, 21
Publication: ‘von Wright on Practical Inference’ in Paul Arthur Schilpp and Lewis Edwin Hahn (ed), The Philosophy of Georg Henrik von Wright (Open Court)
Publication: ‘Why Have Children?’ Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association, 63, pp. 48-53
1990
Publication: ‘Truth, Sense and Assertion, or: What Plato should have told the Sophists’ in Ewa Zarnecka-Bialy (ed.), Logic Counts(Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers), pp. 43-6
Publication: ‘A Comment on Coughlan’s “Using People”’, Bioethics, 4(1), p. 62
1991
Publication: ‘On a Queer Pattern of Argument’ in H. A. Lewis (ed.), Peter Geach: Philosophical Encounters (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers)
Publication: ‘Wittgenstein, Whose Philosopher?’ in A. P. Griffiths (ed.) Wittgenstein: Centenary Essays. Royal Institute of Philosophy Philosophy Supplement, 28 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
1992
Publication: Reviews of Ruth Chadwick, Ethics, Reproduction and Genetic Control; and Michael Coughlan, The Vatican, the Law and the Human Embryo. In The Philosophical Quarterly, 42(166), pp. 126-129
1993
Publication: ‘On Wisdom,’ Acta Philosophica, 2 (1), pp. 127-133
Publication: ‘Causality and Determination’ in. Ernest Sosa and Michael Tooley (eds), Causation (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
Publication: ‘Knowledge and Essence’ in Josep-Maria Terricabras (ed.), A Wittgenstein Symposium, Girona, 1989, (Amsterdam: Rodopi)
Publication: ‘The Origin of Plato’s Theory of Forms’ in Robert W. Sharples (ed), Modern Thinkers and Ancient Thinkers. The Stanley Victor Keeling Memorial Lectures at University College, London, 1981-1991 (London: UCL Press)
Publication: ‘Russelm or Anselm?’ The Philosophical Quarterly, 43(173), pp. 500-504
1994
Publication: Review of P. F. Strawson, Analysis and Metaphysics. In The Philosophical Quarterly, 44(177), pp. 528-530
1995
Publication: ‘Cambridge Philosophers II: Ludwig Wittgenstein,’ Philosophy, 70(273), pp. 395-407
1999
Publication: ‘Practical Truth,’ Logos: A Journal of Catholic Thought and Culture, 2(3), pp. 68-76
2000
Publication: ‘Making True’ in Roger Teichmann (ed), Logic, Cause and Action: Essays in Honour of Elizabeth Anscombe. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 1-8
Publication: ‘Grammar, Structure and Essence,’ Arete, 12(2), pp. 113-120
Publication: ‘Whatever has a beginning of existence must have a cause’ in Brian Davies (ed), Philosophy of Religion: A Guide and Anthology (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
2001
(5 January) Died, in Cambridge.
Sarah Lewin (31/10/16)